[79][81][85] The tsunami varied in height from 2m (6.6ft) to 10m (33ft) based on survivors' accounts. [28] The earthquake produced its own aftershocks (some registering a magnitude of as high as 6.1) and presently ranks as the third-largest earthquake ever recorded on the moment magnitude or Richter magnitude scale. The tsunami and its aftermath were responsible for immense destruction and loss on the rim of the Indian Ocean. Box 4666, Ventura, CA 93007 Request a Quote: petersburg, va register of deeds CSDA Santa Barbara County Chapter's General Contractor of the Year 2014! Proudly powered by WordPress | However, because of the initial quick response, this was minimized. Samran Chanyang - master of ceremonies and mortician at Yan Yao temple. In deep ocean water, tsunami waves form only a low, broad hump, barely noticeable and harmless, which generally travels at high speed of 500 to 1,000km/h (310 to 620mph); in shallow water near coastlines, a tsunami slows down to only tens of kilometres per hour but, in doing so, forms large destructive waves. Coastal villages were destroyed by the waves. Read about our approach to external linking. Interview by Hidayatullah for BBC Indonesian. Yet more than 60,000 people in other countries could have been saved; they would have had at least an hour to move away from the shoreline if they had had some warning. [149] Traditional beliefs in many of the affected regions state that a relative of the family must bury the body of the dead, and in many cases, no body remained to be buried. Thus, the state of Kerala was hit by the tsunami despite being on the western coast of India, and the western coast of Sri Lanka suffered substantial impacts. My son's three friends told me he was missing. [82] Given the enormous power of the tsunami, the fishing industry suffered the greatest. The earthquake registered 9.1-9.3 M w and was the largest in five decades. The province of Phang Nga was the most affected area in Thailand. The country has a total of 77 tsunamis on record. The 2004 Boxing Day Tsunami was a result of an underwater earthquake off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. Why Alex Murdaugh was spared the death penalty, Why Trudeau is facing calls for a public inquiry, The shocking legacy of the Dutch 'Hunger Winter'. Video footage showed that the tsunami appeared as multiple white surfs violently lifting up yachts, boats and crashing onto beaches. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was unusually large in geographical and geological extent. We decided to help only the injured survivors and we finally rescued at least 414 tourists and locals, and transferred them to a more equipped hospital on Phuket. The ground level was about 2 m above sea level, where there were many cottages and hotels. [74][72] Waves measured on the east coast ranged from 4.59m (1530ft) at Pottuvill to Batticaloa at 2.65m (8ft 6in 16ft 5in) in the north-east around Trincomalee and 45m (1316ft) in the west coast from Moratuwa to Ambalangoda. The Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 lasted for seven hours and reached out across the Indian Ocean, devastating coastal areas of Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Maldives, and Thailand, and as far away as East Africa. The locals reported 10 to 12 waves, with the second and third being the highest and most destructive. Did anyone famous died in the 2004 tsunami? According to Oxfam, five million people were affected of which 1.7m were made homeless, half a million were injured and more than 230,000 were killed. The vomit is the debris and organic matter that Belton swallowed during her underwater ordeal ("Actually just a piece of string and blackberry jam on-set," Watts says). ', Primpraow Jitpentom - nurse on a diving trip near the Mahidol ship. Measurements from these satellites may prove invaluable for the understanding of the earthquake and tsunami. Maldives Report", "Death toll in Asian tsunami disaster tops 159,000", "Asian tsunami death toll passes 144,000", "Tsunami Evaluation Coalition: Initial Findings", "On the weak impact of the 26 December Indian Ocean tsunami on the Bangladesh coast", "The South Sandwich Islands earthquake of 27 June 1929: seismological study and inference on tsunami risk for the southern Atlantic", "YEMEN: Tsunami damage over US$1 million UNEP assessment", "Helping restore the quality of drinking water after the tsunami". Read about our approach to external linking. As we tried to help more people in the supermarket, I heard from outside that another wave was coming. This greatly increased the geographical area over which the waves were observed, reaching as far as Mexico, Chile, and the Arctic. The rupture proceeded at about 2.8km/s (1.74mi/s; 10,100km/h; 6,260mph), beginning off the coast of Aceh and proceeding north-westerly over about 100 seconds. Some 37,000 people are missing. July 1, 2022 by by Others have said that Allah was angry that Muslims were killing each other in an ongoing conflict. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. [73] The degradation of the natural environment in Sri Lanka contributed to the high death tolls. Local footage recorded showed the tsunami flooding the streets up to knee level in town, while another video taken at the beach showed the tsunami slowly flooding and gradually surging inland. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The tsunami surprised many tourists at Koh Racha Yai, where it flooded the resorts. So many people were running away from the water. They said they needed a place to put dead bodies from the wave so I had to be on standby at the temple waiting for the hospital to deliver the bodies. This time it dragged bungalows and restaurants down to the sea with it. Local video recorded that before the arrival of the tsunami, people can be seen swarming the beach to check on stranded fish from the exposed beach. [16], The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was initially documented as having a moment magnitude of 8.8. The earthquake was the third-most-powerful earthquake recorded since 1900. A series of huge waves triggered by an earthquake killed more than 230,000 people in 14 countries. That's when I realised something serious had happened. An unusually high number of the victims appear to have been children, lost to epic waves that swept away the weak, the old and the young. This was the highest number of casualties in a single African town and the largest tsunami death toll in a single town to the west of the Indian subcontinent. A rise in sea level was observed before the first wave came within 5 minutes of the earthquake. Moreover, the tsunami was detected by scuba divers around offshore islands like the Similan Islands and the Surin Islands. The tsunami arrived on the island as a small brown-orange-colored flood. [82], The tsunami run-up was only 1.6m (5.2ft) in areas in the state of Tamil Nadu shielded by the island of Sri Lanka but was 45m (1316ft) in coastal districts such as Nagapattinam in Tamil Nadu directly across from Sumatra. Notable people killed in the 2004 Asian tsunami: Jane Attenborough, 49, British arts administrator, daughter of actor Richard Attenborough. 26. [125], The Colombo-based International Water Management Institute monitored the effects of saltwater and concluded that the wells recovered to pre-tsunami drinking water quality one-and-a-half years after the event. If you are caught up in the wave, youll face turbulent water filled with rubble. Almost all of the Onge people seemed to have survived the tsunami. Epidemics were of particular concern due to the high population density and tropical climate of the affected areas. Early signs and warnings. When I first arrived, the local police took me to Wat Yan Yao, where there were thousands of dead bodies waiting to be identified. I noticed the temple ground covered in blood and lymph. Between 1998-2017, tsunamis caused more than 250 000 deaths globally, including more than 227 000 deaths due to the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004. The tsunami waves wreaked havoc in the densely populated Jogindar Nagar area, situated 13km (8.1mi) south of Campbell Bay. [128], In response to the unprecedented situation, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) worked with governments in the region to determine the severity of the ecological impact and how to address it. Rosie was saved by a stranger. The lack of food, clean water, and medical treatmentcombined with the enormous task faced by relief workers trying to get supplies into some remote areas where roads had been destroyed or where civil war ragedextended the list of casualties. At Koh Sriboya, the tsunami advanced inland as a turbulent medium bore, while at Koh Phayam, Ranong Province, the tsunami appeared as a wall of water. Island folklore recounted an earthquake and tsunami in 1907, and the islanders fled to inland hills after the initial shaking and before the tsunami struck. The tsunami heights recorded:[76][77]. Boats are safer from tsunami damage while in the deep ocean ( > 100 m) rather than moored in a harbor. Governments and non-governmental organizations feared that the final death toll might double as a result of diseases, prompting a massive humanitarian response. Video footage revealed torrents of black water, surging by windows of a two-story residential area situated about 3.2km (2.0mi) inland. A second team found similar evidence of previous tsunamis in Aceh, a province at the northern tip of Sumatra; radiocarbon dating of bark fragments in the soil below the second sand layer led the scientists to estimate that the most recent predecessor to the 2004 tsunami probably occurred between A.D. 1300 and 1450. [93], The tsunami travelled 5,000km (3,100mi) west across the open ocean before striking the East African country of Somalia. I told my wife that it must be from the car outside. 1.4. At conservative gathering, Trump is still the favourite. [46], The tsunami, like all others, behaved differently in deep water than in shallow water. [79][80][81][82], The tsunami runup height measured in mainland India by Ministry of Home Affairs includes:[82]. Anticipate slowdowns caused by traffic gridlock and hundreds of other boaters heading out to sea. Tsunamis there are relatively rare despite earthquakes being relatively frequent in Indonesia. This ripple effect could especially be felt in the inland provinces of Thailand, such as Krabi, which acted as a starting point for many other tourist destinations in Thailand. Furthermore, Phi Phi Le Island shields the port of Phi Phi Don Island. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. In Campbell Bay of Great Nicobar Island, the tsunami waves hit the area three times with an inundation limit of 250500m (8201,640ft). The earthquake that spawned the tsunami was the most powerful in 40 years. [139], Countries in the region appealed to tourists to return, pointing out that most tourist infrastructure is undamaged. [105] Sweden was the European country most severely affected both in absolute numbers, and by a wide margin when considered in relation to the country's population, with a death toll of 543. . [157] The announcement was a false alarm, and the Home Affairs minister withdrew their announcement. Some locations reported that the waves had reached a height of 30 feet (9 metres) or more when they hit the shoreline. The tsunami was noticed as far as Struisbaai in South Africa, about 8,500km (5,300mi) away, where a 1.5-metre-high (5ft) tide surged on shore about 16 hours after the earthquake. Sathaporn Sawangpuk - captain of the Mahidol ship, We were on our way back from a month-long marine research trip in the Indian Ocean. [citation needed] Presence of seawalls at the Kerala and Tamil Nadu coasts reduced the impact of the waves. Raw power of the earth is scary. The tsunami and its aftermath were responsible for immense destruction and loss on the rim of the Indian Ocean. ", "Poster of the Northern Sumatra Earthquake of 28 March 2005 Magnitude 8.7", "Magnitude 9.1 Sumatra-Andaman Islands Earthquake FAQ", "Thousands flee as Indonesian volcano spews into life", "Volcano erupts on same Indonesian island as earlier quake", "NASA Details Earthquake Effects on the Earth", "Italian scientists say Asian quakes cause Earth's axis shifted", "Asian tsunami seabed pictured with sonar", "NASA/French Satellite Data Reveal New Details of Tsunami", "TOPEX/Poseidon Satellite Data on 26 December 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean", "NOAA Scientists able to Measure Tsunami Height from Space", National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, "Radar satellites capture tsunami wave height", "Tsunami: The impact will last for decades", "Time travel map: Active Fault Research Center: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Japan", "Indian Ocean Tsunami" at Syowa Station, Antarctica", "Indian Ocean Tsunami of 26 December 2004", "Tsunami Waves Channeled Around the Globe in 2004 Disaster", "Sri Lankans Seek Lost Relatives After Tsunami", Tsunami disaster: Focus: Nature's timebomb, "Girl, 10, used geography lesson to save lives", "Field Survey northern Sumatra and Banda Aceh, Indonesia and after the Tsunami and Earthquake of 26 December 2004", "Chapter 2 Earthquake, Tsunami and Damage in Banda Aceh and Northern Sumatra", "Northern Sumatra Field Survey after the December 2004 Great Sumatra Earthquake and Indian Ocean Tsunami", "Seconds From Disaster S03E13 Asian Tsunami", "Great Tsunami 12-26-04 at Banda Aceh, Sumatra, Indonesia 3 of 3", "Report on December 26, 2004, Indian Ocean Tsunami, Field Survey on Jan 2131 at North of Sumatra", "Tsunami Wave Run-ups: Indian Ocean 2004", "Survey of the December 26th 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Sri Lanka", "Observations by the International Tsunami Survey Team in Sri Lanka", "Chapter 4: Field Survey and Numerical Simulation on the 2004 Off-Sumatra Earthquake and Tsunami in Thailand", "The 2004 Indian tsunami in Thailand: Surveyed runup heights and tide gauge records", "Zoltn Grossman Member of the Faculty in Geography & Native Studies", "Effects of the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami on the Indian Mainland", "Damage to Andaman & Nicobar Islands due to Earthquake and Tsunami of Dec. 26, 2004", "Quick Report on the Study of the 2004 Sumatra Earthquake and Tsunami Effects", "The Great Sumatra Earthquake and Indian Ocean Tsunami of December 26, 2004: The Effects in Mainland India and in the Andaman-Nicobar Islands", "Inundation of sea water in Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Tamil Nadu coast during 2004 Sumatra tsunami", "Tsunami heights and damage along the Myanmar coast from the December 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake", "Somalia Field Survey after the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami", "International Tsunami Information Center - International Tsunami Information Center", "Field Surveys of 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami From Sumatra to East Africa", "Myanmar is withholding true casualties figures, says Thai priest", "Hundreds of thousands of people killed as tsunamis devastate large swathes of South and Southeast Asia, coming as far as South Africa | South African History Online", "A2/2004Y Aasian luonnonkatastrofi 26.12.2004", "One year after the tsunami, Sri Lankan survivors still live in squalour", "India, Indonesia, Maldives, Myanmar, Somalia, Thailand: Earthquake and Tsunami OCHA Situation Report No. I continued to sit there waiting to get an emergency call. It was 3:00 p.m. on Christmas day, 2004 when Stuart Weinstein's pager buzzed in the operations room at the Pacific Tsunami . [55] Tsunami detection is not easy because while a tsunami is in deep water, it has little height and a network of sensors is needed to detect it. What characteristics allow plants to survive in the desert? It also causes the death of plants and important soil micro-organisms. Ahead of the 15th anniversary of the tragedy, BBC Thai's Chaiyot Yongcharoenchai visited southern Thailand, which was devastated by the tsunami. The military started to bring in containers to keep the bodies in. The greatest tsunami inundation occurred at North Male Atoll, Male island at 250m (820ft) along the streets. The tsunami arrived approximately 2 hours after the earthquake. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The quiet resort town of Khao Lak is located on a stretch of golden sandy beach, famed for its hotels overlooking the Andaman Sea and hilly rainforests. Banda Aceh, the closest major city, suffered severe casualties. On December 26, 2004, a 9.1 magnitude earthquake unleashed massive tidal waves across South Asia. [101] However, the estimated number of dead and missing in Indonesia were later reduced by over 50,000. We had no idea what happened, but my instinct told me to start the ship and head out to the middle of the sea. How many kids died in the 2004 tsunami? Many of these tourists were caught off-guard by the tsunami, as they had no prior warning. At that moment, everything was crazy. Moments later, the ocean floor was exposed as much as 1km (0.62mi) in places, which was followed by massive second and third waves. About 10 minutes later, the sea receded for a while before the tsunami arrived again as a large wall of water looming over the skyline and flooding the coast. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. [66], A group of small islands: Weh, Breueh, Nasi, Teunom, Bunta, Lumpat, and Batee lie just north of the capital city. [76][pageneeded]. Several near-shore establishments and numerous infrastructures such as seawalls and a 20 MW diesel-generated power plant at Bamboo Flat were destroyed. This is unusual since earthquakes of magnitude eight or more occur only about once per year on average. A video, taken by a local restaurant manager from a hill adjacent to the beach, showed that the tsunami's arrival was preceded by a sudden retreat of the sea exposing the seafloor. The deadliest tsunami in history occurred in the Indian Ocean in 2004. Unicef officials estimate that of the 30,000 people killed by the tsunamis in Sri Lanka, at least 10,000 were children. In the years since 2004, officials have worked hard to install and improve an Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System. He was trapped and died inside the building where he was. Rahmat Saiful Bahri survived the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004 that swept over Indonesias Aceh province. Footage captured at Koh Lanta showed a wall of water swamping the beach, while another video taken at another location showed a large surfing wave like tsunami approaching the shore, lifting up a yacht and flooding the beach. However, tsunamis can strike thousands of kilometres away where the earthquake is felt only weakly or not at all. Based on scientific surveys from Ayeyarwaddy Delta through Taninthayi Division, it was revealed that tsunami heights along the Myanmar coast were between 0.42.9m (1ft 4in 9ft 6in). Indonesia was the worst-hit country, with more than 120,000 dead. The World Food Programme provided food aid to more than 1.3 million people affected by the tsunami. The number of deaths currently stands at 68 with 5 people missing. That's because between 15,000 and 20,000 people lived in Pompeii and Herculaneum, and the majority of them survived Vesuvius' catastrophic eruption. All of a sudden, the diving instructor told the boat driver to stop since he noticed something was wrong. The measured tsunami height was 4.6m (15ft) in the port. [35] This energy is equivalent to over 1,500 times that of the Hiroshima atomic bomb, but less than that of Tsar Bomba, the largest nuclear weapon ever detonated. Run-up measurements along the Sri Lankan coasts are at 2.44.11m (7ft 10in 13ft 6in). I hopped back in my truck and drove up the hill. Approximately 8,000 people were killed. The tsunami reached a run-up of 1020m (3366ft) on the western shorelines of Breueh Island and Nasi Island. Amateur video recorded taken at a resort beach showed the tsunami arriving as a large wall of water as it approached the coast and flooding it as it advanced inland. Compiling new navigational charts may take months or years. [83] The shrine's compound, nearby villages, hundreds of shops, homes and pilgrims were washed away into the sea. This is the story of some of those who survived and what they did to help afterwards. Then villagers here started talking about how villages along the beach here were all gone because of the wave. Somchai Jitpentom - doctor on diving holiday with his wife. Such approaches to ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction appear to be most successful when local communities are closely involved as stakeholders throughout the process, and when careful attention is paid to the physical conditions of chosen sites to ensure that mangroves can thrive there. He told me: 'This can't be good.'. Petra Nemcova, supermodel who survived 2004 Indonesia tsunami, helps rebuild school hit by Hurricane Harvey. Thailand was struck about two hours later despite being closer to the epicentre because the tsunami travelled more slowly in the shallow Andaman Sea off its western coast. [138], Even though only coastal regions were directly affected by the waters of the tsunami, the indirect effects have spread to inland provinces as well. The 2002 Sumatra earthquake is believed to have been a foreshock, preceding the main event by over two years. Khao Lak was the coastal area of Thailand hardest hit by the tsunami resulting from the 26 December 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. I turned on the TV and saw what happened in my area. Where did the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami occur? I said the prayer into the microphone, so everyone could hear it. We had a plan to handle a disaster of a massive scale. [150] Saudi cleric Muhammad Al-Munajjid attributed it to divine retribution against non-Muslim vacationers "who used to sprawl all over the beaches and in pubs overflowing with wine" during Christmas break. Other videos recorded showed that the tsunami appeared like a flood raging inland. Water sanitation and health: WHO technical notes for emergencies. Up to four times as many women as men died in the Boxing Day Asian tsunami, according to a report published today by Oxfam International. According to official estimates in India, 10,749 people were killed, 5,640 people were missing and thousands of people became homeless when a tsunami triggered by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake near the Indonesian island of Sumatra struck the southern coast on 26 December 2004. Tens of thousands were reported dead or missing in Sri Lanka and India, a large number of them from the Indian Andaman and Nicobar Islands territory. Moreover, the cost of damage in the transport sector was reported in the tens of thousands. [52], Some of the tsunami's energy escaped into the Pacific Ocean, where it produced small but measurable tsunamis along the western coasts of North and South America, typically around 200 to 400mm (7.9 to 15.7in). The earthquake was the third-largest ever recorded based upon seismographic measurements, the largest in the 21st century and had the longest duration of faulting ever observed, between eight and ten minutes. That morning on Patong beach was very quiet. He didnt want to talk about it in the beginning but after a while he started to talk about what had happened during the tsunami. Slowly, Karl began to open up about the tragedy.

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